One of the common reasons leading to significant deterioration or even complete loss of vision is cataract. Therefore, more than 370000 operations conduct ophthalmologists to replace lens in Russia every year. In view of the relevance of the issue, our website in this article will tell about the causes of the occurrence of the proceedings and methods for the treatment of this disease.
Causes and symptoms of cataracts
The name of this eye disease was given in antiquity of the Greeks and translated as «waterfall». Probably the Greeks tried to show that suffering sees the surrounding world and all objects blurred, as if through a rich flow of water and splashes. Some people mistakenly think that when the cataract, a film appears on the eye, interferes normally see. In fact, pathological processes occur inside the lens - it gradually from a transparent lens responsible for focusing light and creating a clear image, turns into an opaque yellowish brown structure. It happens because of swelling, clouding and decay of crustal fibers. That is how they react to power disorders in the eye environment and tissues. Black region of pupil when clouding a lens acquires a grayish, and then whiskey shade. The occurrence and flow of cataracts contributes to age violations, injuries of the organ of vision, eye pathologies (high myopia, glaucoma, Changes in the retina), radioactive and ultraviolet irradiation, poor ecology, toxic poisoning (mercury, naphthalene), smoking, heredity, nutritional disorders and metabolic processes, endocrine disorders, such as, diabetes.
When the progression of pathological processes in lens, there is no pain and pain, but the acuity of vision is significantly reduced. It seems like a person seems to be looking through a stump glass or a thickening fog. Sometimes in front of the eyes flashed dates, stripes, strokes, stains, it is possible to light, when reading, the letters look blurry and merge, difficult to sew, knit. A person can completely lose the ability to see. The diagnosis puts an ophthalmologist, after examining the patient on several special devices.
Types and forms of the disease
Cataract is divided into the acquired (arising with age) and congenital (associated with genetic disorders or a woman's disease during the toasting of the fetus). The acquired is classified on the old (associated with age-related changes), traumatic (caused by chemical, mechanical damage), secondary (it is provoked by some eye diseases), radiation (more often appears with long-term exposure of large doses of radiation), diabetic and other cataract forms.
Street Cataract - Stages and Prevention Measures
This is the most common cataract form, affecting one or two eyes of a person in the age of 50. Four stages of the disease are distinguished - the initial (launch of the lens fiber closer mechanism), immature (there are specific violations of visual acuity), mature (complete turbidity and vision of only weak contours of items through a thick fog) and overripe. When the Cataract, the Cataract is lost the opportunity to see, the lens can swell, it leads in many cases to the deterioration of the outflow of water and glaucoma.
In some patients, the disease quickly progresses, causing a loss of view for the year or two. But others can live with cataract for decades, while there is only a slight decrease in visual functions.
Several tips that will help slow down the clouds in the lens:
- Fully manic, eyes need vitamins and minerals. Beta carotene is especially useful. It is contained in yellow, orange and red fruits and vegetables - carrots, tangerines, pumpkin, Bulgarian pepper. Do not forget about butter, liver cod and salad leaves.
- Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is also actively struggling with the disease. Remember that ascorbins are a lot in currants, kiwi, cabbage, oranges, lemons, grapefruits. Drink half a grapefruit in an hour or two after breakfast and lunch.
- Our eyes need a regulator of metabolic processes - Riboflavina (vitamin B2). They are rich in blueberries, legumes, walnuts, liver.
- Slows aging zinc microelerant. Its a lot in blueberries, pumpkin seeds, oatmeal, liver, yolk, squid.
- Ophthalmologists from China, based on the data of their research, advise to take green tea and make a stamp from him forever. Catechins from green tea are very well absorbed by the fabrics of the eye, it prevents the loss of vision.
- Doctors advise the courses of pharmacy vitamin preparations to improve metabolic processes - Lutein Forte, Kvadevit, Undevit.
- Intensive and excessive ultraviolet radiation of the Sun can increase the risk of cataracts, so it is better to wear dark glasses to protect the eyes.
- Be sure to check the visual sharpness and consult an eyepiece doctor.
Operational treatment of cataracts
At the moment, the cataract can be removed by four ways.
- The oldest way is intrakapsular extraction, the removal of the literal transparency of the lens along with the short capsule in which it is placed. The function of the missing lens is performed selected after the rehabilitation period contact lenses Or glasses.
- Method of extracapsular extraction. During the operation, the surgeon makes a big incision in the cornea, takes out a muddy crystal, but it leaves its capsule in his place, an artificial lens place in it. Since the incision is essential, then healing is slowly, the patient for two weeks is in hospital under the supervision of doctors, while they prescribe treatment so that there is no complications.
- The following method is called Facofragmentation. It differs from the previous one that before removing the surgeon, the crusher losing the transparency into small parts, so the cut to remove these particles is less.
- To date, the most secure and gentle health is the method referred to as ultrasonic facoemulsification. First, under the action of ultrasound, the surgeon softens the crystal and brings it to a state similar to «Emulsion», which in the next stage displays through a small puncture. Then neatly introduced through the same puncture rolled artificial lens at the same place where it is supposed to be. Then implanted intraocular lens (abbreviated IOL) independently spreads. Most advanced ophthalmic centers use imported artificial substitutes of lens, created from high-quality soft materials with high functionality. Before surgery, the patient has buried topless droplets, no pain. After completion of manipulations, the seams are not even required. With such a modern operation, the risk of complications is no more than 1%.
The duration of this microsurgical operation is 15-20 minutes. After 2 hours, the ophthalmologist releases the patient home with the accompanying.
And the most recent innovation is the development of technology of using a femtosecond laser. Even the puncture does not carry out a surgeon-ophthalmologist, but a new device. The artificial lens is then stably fixed in a pocket formed by a laser.
Previously, Cataract sufferers were very afraid of operations, but modern technologies and development allow you to return vision, reducing the risk of complications to a minimum. The cataracts in the initial stages are easier than mature.
Medical treatment of cataracts
Scientists and ophthalmologists consider cataract with an irreversible process. They believe that at the moment physiotics, pills and drops can not return to the clinked lens former transparency. Sometimes doctors prescribe patients such drops like Vitafolov, Offan-Kathotrom, Vita-Yodurol, Taufon, Queenax, but they only slow down the process of clogging. Different preparations in composition, price, manufacturer and action mechanism.
Folk ways of treatment
It is useful to burn honey drops into the eyes, making a mark on the solution from the solution with the addition of real honey from the butchers. Scientists have proven that honey is the pantry nutrients needed by our eyes. Eat the tablespoon of honey a day.
To prevent clouds, it is recommended to infusion from orange flowers calendula (marigolds). Wash the thermos hot water, measure 3 teaspoons of crushed flowers of marigolds, carefully pour them 0.5 liters of boiling water. Close the thermos lid. After 2 hours the infusion is ready. Strain it using sieve or gauze. Need to drink 4 times a day at half a large glass (100 ml), better before meals. It is recommended to irrigate the eyes with the same innocence.
Simple exercises from the complex Gymnastics for eyes, Massage of the ears and the impact on biologically active points also contribute to the preservation of vision.
Our site expresses the hope that the information provided and recommendations will help readers to preserve vision for many years and enjoy the world around.
