Only a sick person can speak the only source of infection. The dorsal paralysis virus enters the external airborne or fecal-oral environment. The pathogen is on the mucous membrane for 3-7 days, and it is during this period that an infected patient can transmit it through unwashed hands, vegetables, close breathing. The polio virus is paramount to fall into the oral cavity and continues its reproduction in the intestinal tract. And after the end of the incubation period, the active phase occurs with the manifestation of the symptoms of the disease.
As a rule, the main part of the patients falls on children under the age of 10 years, while from 60 to 80% of all victims - kids up to 4 years. In connection with the seasonal weakening of immunity, the most dangerous period is the summer-autumn months. MirSoveto will tell his readers about the symptoms and methods of treatment of polio.
Symptoms of polio
Spinal paralysis refers to the category of high-informing diseases that cause viral infection. It damages the nervous system of the patient in just a few hours. Specialists allocate two forms of polio: atypical or paralytic - without damage to the central nervous system, as well as typical or non-paralytic, which affects the human nervous system. In addition, the severity of the flow distinguishes light shape, medigative and severe condition.
Manifestations of paralytic polio
To determine the symptoms of polio, it is necessary to understand that an atypical form of illness has several stages, each of which varies in the manifestation method. Consider each of them in detail:
- When appearance Dysfots, strong headache;
- At the moment of tone of the spinal muscles, increasing body temperature, breathing difficulties;
- when tingling, violation or increasing skin sensitivity;
- with weakness and diarrhea, the voltage of the occipital muscles;
- When there are difficulties in swallowing food, lantern, paralysis of mimic muscles.
The typical form of polio, as a rule, is characterized by the damage to the spinal roots, less often - brain shells. Symptoms usually last for 4-7 days. External manifestations are very similar over the course Meningita or meningoradiculitis. For such a form of the disease, the appearance of nausea, vomiting, digestive disorders (diarrhea or constipation), short fever, as well as strong cough, Rudeness and throat pain.
When need Call an ambulance?
Polyomelitis treatment
In medical practice at the moment there are no antiviral drugs aimed at specific polyomyelitis treatment. Patients are placed in boxing and, depending on the stage of the disease, comprehensive measures are assigned to eliminate symptoms:
- In the preparation phase, the effective method is the reception of sedative, anti-edema, painful drugs. Symptomatic treatment is also conducted: antihypoxants, antipyretic (paracetamol, Nurofen), group vitamins B and Antibiotics. At this time, the patient must be in the insulating box, with the compliance with the beddown of at least 14-21 days.
- Under the paralytic stage, the patient is prescribed by the introduction of immunoglobulin.
- In the period of paralysis, the patient is placed in separate boxing, where it is placed on a hard mattress. The legs should be elongated along the body, and the feet are static fixed in a comfortable position of the tire. If a respiratory muscles are affected during convulsion, then the patient is transferred to artificial lung ventilation.
- In the reductional phase, the doctors prescribe anticholinesterase preparations, LFC, physiotherapy, water procedures, electrostimulation, glutamic acid, as well as sanatorium treatment.
Depending on the severity and characteristics of the disease, in some cases, doctors prescribe orthopedic therapy in order to correct the formed deformations and violations in body contractures.
Prevention of the disease
In modern medical practice, the only method of preventing the dorsal paralysis is vaccination. Vaccinations are carried out in several stages, which are established by the provisions of the vaccine calendar. Thus, it is necessary to produce vaccination at 3, 4 and 5 months, and then produce revaccination - at 18, 20 months, and to achieve a child of 14 years of age.
Many parents make a decision to refuse vaccination against polio virus, fearing to obtain negative complications after Vaccinations. According to statistics in 1 case, irreversible paralysis may develop, with 5-10% of such patients die from the paralysis of muscles of the respiratory organs. However, before abandoning the vaccination, it is necessary to carefully weigh everything «pros» and «minuses» Procedures, because without vaccination, parents probably leave their child without protection.
