Man is able to live only with constant food intake in the body. Because together with food, not only delicious foods, but also proteins, fats, carbohydrates, as well as vitamins and trace elements. Such substances are «Building materials» new cells, in addition, is the main source of energy.
Description of the gastrointestinal tract
Over the past recent years, the percentage of the incidence of the digestive system of people has grown hard. What causes these diseases? Let's figure it out in this issue more. So, the digestive channel consists of several departments: the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, Stomach, digestive glands. Next, the intestine is followed, the delicious intestine, the fat intestine and, finally, the rectum. The structure of the human body is quite complicated, so you need to know the functions that perform digestive system. The main function of the digestive system is the engine-mechanical, which is responsible for grinding food and its early movement and output from the body. The secretory function contributes to the development of enzymes and the juices required for proper, full digestion, as well as the production of saliva and bile. The suction function contributes to the absorption of all necessary nutrients, for the body, including water.
Due to the fact that in each department of the digestive tract, a different environment, each of them performs a specific function. Therefore, it is not necessary to be irrational to combine food, which are not balanced in the composition of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Also on the state of the gastrointestinal tract strongly affects the nutritional violation. Often people feed on wrong: eating large portions, while the break between meals is quite large. In addition, the human body is adversely affected by food from fast food, sharp seasonings, products without coarse fiber and so on.
Causes of gastric disease
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract can be caused as a result of the following reasons:
- hitting bacteria or viruses into the body;
- the appearance of helminths;
- as a result of smoking and alcohol consumption;
- Professional harm;
- psycho-emotional state;
- Endocrine factors.
But thanks to the technological progress of the doctor, it was possible to understand what is the morphological essence of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Such opening of the doctors could be made due to the preparation and study of the material obtained by biopsy from all departments of the digestive tract. As a result of their research, scientists received data on structural manifestations of diseases in the early stages. The data obtained helps to diagnose and effectively treat diseases of this kind.
Symptoms of Disease
The main symptoms of the disease of the gastrointestinal tract may have a different character. As a rule, they are characterized by a violation of the motor function in the stomach. As a result, spasms arise in the muscles of the stomach and its individual parts. Because of the increased pressure, the stomach stretches and comes to the tone. Sometimes the spikes are formed, with the result that, through the irritation of peritoneous receptors, pain appear. So, the most frequent symptoms for the disease of the stomach:
- Pain. Typically, pain appear when eating and can last about one and a half hours after meals. Such pains are called early. But there is also the late, the duration of which is about three hours after meals. Also pains are rhythmic, which appear at the same time after meals. Sensations of this type are characteristic of ulcerative disease, chronic Gastritis «IN» or chronic duodenitis. In addition to rhythmic pain, there are also neurotic, which may have a dull, cutting, stitching or grasp.
- Belching. As a rule, it appears after meals, especially when used carbonated drinks or as a result of overeating. Such a phenomenon is considered normal, but the pathological belching is repeated and brings a patient a lot of concern. The emergence of such a symptom of the stomach disease is associated with a decrease in the tone of the cardiac sphincter. Also, the reason for the appearance of belching can serve as gas in the esophagus, and then in the mouth. About any functional disorders of the stomach indicates the fact if the belching is audible at a distance.
- Heartburn. During the appearance of such a symptom at the bottom of the esophagus, there is a feeling of burning. It can be removed using food soda. Usually heartburn It appears in the organic lesion of the stomach, so the level of acidity to the emergence of heartburn has nothing. As a rule, this phenomenon appears when excessive secretion. If it is strengthened when lying or inclined forward, it may indicate a diaphragmal hernia. When the heartburn appears with peptic ulcer, then in such cases it can cause painful sensations.
- Nausea and vomiting. These symptoms may indicate the disease of the gastrointestinal tract having a chronic character. If nausea Moderate, this indicates a compensated chronic gastritis with secret failure. If blood is observed in the vomit masses, then you can diagnose an ulcer or disintegrating gastric cancer.
Diagnosis of the disease
More frequent cases when people diagnosed diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. This indicator is influenced by many factors: progressive deterioration in the quality of food, water, environmental pollution, diet disorders and so on. Therefore, a very important point is the timely diagnosis of diseases, which is carried out using the following analyzes:
- general blood analysis;
- Analysis of venous blood;
- liver samples;
- Analysis on a polymerase chain reaction (RFC) of blood for hepatitis C viruses, B, A;
- Ultrasound of the abdominal organs;
- colonoscopy;
- oncomarker stomach sa-72-4;
- Antigen of flat-bell carcinoma (SCC).
Thanks to the level of progress, which it was possible to achieve modern scientists, you can in a timely manner to establish the correct diagnosis of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and appoint rational treatment.
Treatment of the disease
After the diagnosis of one or another disease of the gastrointestinal tract, the necessary treatment is prescribed both the disease itself and the reasons that caused it. Modern methods of treatment and thanks to a wide range of drugs, many diseases can be cured, among which the most common are the following:
- the omission of the stomach, intestines;
- chronic hepatitis;
- Tolstoy intestinal disorder;
- duel of duodenum and small intestines;
- ulcerative disease of the stomach and duodenum;
- irritable bowel syndrome;
- chronic cholecystitis;
- cholelithiasis;
- constipation;
- ulcerative colitis;
- chronic Pancreatitis;
- haemorrhoids;
- spastic colitis;
- chronic enteritis;
- chronic gastritis;
- the crack of the rear pass;
- chronic duodenitis;
- Polyps of stomach.
Each of the listed diseases has its own characteristics, so the treatment must appoint a doctor after a thorough examination and on the basis of all analyzes.
Prevention of gastric diseases
It is known that stressful situations negatively affect the entire human body. Not an exception is the ugly intestinal tract. Therefore, in order to avoid such health problems, you need to deal with stress and it is necessary to learn to calm your nervous system. This can be done by taking special sedative preparations of natural composition. Such are tincture or dyeing tablets and Valerians. They do not harm health and do not cause addiction and dependence on the drug.
It is also necessary to comply with rational proper nutrition and lead an active, healthy lifestyle. No need to abuse alcohol, accompanying such a smoking process. It adversely affects not only on the gastrointestinal tract, but also on the whole body. Reception of oily, sharp, salty foods, as well as food from fast food institutions often lead to the diseases of the stomach. In addition to all this, do not forget about the rules of personal hygiene and pay attention to its health.
